Python网络数据采集

大耳朵图图 · 发表于 2021-11-13 21:54:37

第 1 章　初见网络爬虫 .......................................................................................................................2
1.1　网络连接.....................................................................................................................................2
1.2 BeautifulSoup 简介.....................................................................................................................4
1.2.1　安装 BeautifulSoup ........................................................................................................5
1.2.2　运行 BeautifulSoup ........................................................................................................7
1.2.3　可靠的网络连接 ............................................................................................................8
第 2 章　复杂 HTML 解析 ...............................................................................................................11
2.1　不是一直都要用锤子...............................................................................................................11
2.2　再端一碗 BeautifulSoup...........................................................................................................12
2.2.1 BeautifulSoup 的 find() 和 findAll() ......................................................................13
2.2.2　其他 BeautifulSoup 对象 .............................................................................................15
2.2.3　导航树 ..........................................................................................................................16
2.3　正则表达式...............................................................................................................................19
2.4　正则表达式和 BeautifulSoup...................................................................................................23
2.5　获取属性...................................................................................................................................24
2.6 Lambda 表达式.........................................................................................................................24
2.7　超越 BeautifulSoup...................................................................................................................25
vi ｜目录
第 3 章　开始采集 ..............................................................................................................................26
3.1　遍历单个域名...........................................................................................................................26
3.2　采集整个网站...........................................................................................................................30
3.3　通过互联网采集.......................................................................................................................34
3.4　用 Scrapy 采集..........................................................................................................................38
第 4 章　使用 API ..............................................................................................................................42
4.1 API 概述 ...................................................................................................................................43
4.2 API 通用规则 ...........................................................................................................................43
4.2.1　方法 ..............................................................................................................................44
4.2.2　验证 ..............................................................................................................................44
4.3　服务器响应...............................................................................................................................45
4.4 Echo Nest ..................................................................................................................................46
4.5 Twitter API ................................................................................................................................48
4.5.1　开始 ..............................................................................................................................48
4.5.2　几个示例 ......................................................................................................................50
4.6 Google API ................................................................................................................................52
4.6.1　开始 ..............................................................................................................................52
4.6.2　几个示例 ......................................................................................................................53
4.7　解析 JSON 数据 .......................................................................................................................55
4.8　回到主题...................................................................................................................................56
4.9　再说一点 API ...........................................................................................................................60
第 5 章　存储数据 ..............................................................................................................................61
5.1　媒体文件...................................................................................................................................61
5.2　把数据存储到 CSV..................................................................................................................64
5.3 MySQL ......................................................................................................................................65
5.3.1　安装 MySQL ................................................................................................................66
5.3.2　基本命令 ......................................................................................................................68
5.3.3　与 Python 整合.............................................................................................................71
5.3.4　数据库技术与最佳实践 ..............................................................................................74
5.3.5 MySQL 里的“六度空间游戏”..................................................................................75
5.4 Email .........................................................................................................................................77
第 6 章　读取文档 ..............................................................................................................................80
6.1　文档编码...................................................................................................................................80
6.2　纯文本.......................................................................................................................................81
6.3 CSV ...........................................................................................................................................85
6.4 PDF............................................................................................................................................87
6.5　微软 Word 和 .docx..................................................................................................................88
目录｜ vii
第二部分　高级数据采集
第 7 章　数据清洗 ..............................................................................................................................94
7.1　编写代码清洗数据...................................................................................................................94
7.2　数据存储后再清洗...................................................................................................................98
第 8 章　自然语言处理 ...................................................................................................................103
8.1　概括数据.................................................................................................................................104
8.2　马尔可夫模型.........................................................................................................................106
8.3　自然语言工具包.....................................................................................................................112
8.3.1　安装与设置 ................................................................................................................112
8.3.2　用 NLTK 做统计分析................................................................................................113
8.3.3　用 NLTK 做词性分析................................................................................................115
8.4　其他资源.................................................................................................................................119
第 9 章　穿越网页表单与登录窗口进行采集 ...........................................................................120
9.1 Python Requests 库.................................................................................................................120
9.2　提交一个基本表单.................................................................................................................121
9.3　单选按钮、复选框和其他输入.............................................................................................123
9.4　提交文件和图像.....................................................................................................................124
9.5　处理登录和 cookie .................................................................................................................125
9.6　其他表单问题.........................................................................................................................127
第 10 章　采集 JavaScript ............................................................................................................128
10.1 JavaScript 简介 .....................................................................................................................128
10.2 Ajax 和动态 HTML..............................................................................................................131
10.3　处理重定向...........................................................................................................................137
第 11 章　图像识别与文字处理 ...................................................................................................139
11.1 OCR 库概述..........................................................................................................................140
11.1.1 Pillow .......................................................................................................................140
11.1.2 Tesseract ..................................................................................................................140
11.1.3 NumPy .....................................................................................................................141
11.2　处理格式规范的文字...........................................................................................................142
11.3　读取验证码与训练 Tesseract...............................................................................................146
11.4　获取验证码提交答案...........................................................................................................151
第 12 章　避开采集陷阱 ................................................................................................................154
12.1　道德规范...............................................................................................................................154
12.2　让网络机器人看起来像人类用户.......................................................................................155
viii ｜目录
12.2.1　修改请求头 .............................................................................................................155
12.2.2　处理 cookie .............................................................................................................157
12.2.3　时间就是一切 .........................................................................................................159
12.3　常见表单安全措施...............................................................................................................159
12.3.1　隐含输入字段值 .....................................................................................................159
12.3.2　避免蜜罐 .................................................................................................................160
12.4　问题检查表...........................................................................................................................162
第 13 章　用爬虫测试网站 ............................................................................................................164
13.1　测试简介...............................................................................................................................164
13.2 Python 单元测试...................................................................................................................165
13.3 Selenium 单元测试...............................................................................................................168
13.4 Python 单元测试与 Selenium 单元测试的选择 .................................................................172
第 14 章　远程采集 .........................................................................................................................174
14.1　为什么要用远程服务器.......................................................................................................174
14.1.1　避免 IP 地址被封杀 ...............................................................................................174
14.1.2　移植性与扩展性 .....................................................................................................175
14.2 Tor 代理服务器....................................................................................................................176
14.3　远程主机...............................................................................................................................177
14.3.1　从网站主机运行 .....................................................................................................178
14.3.2　从云主机运行 .........................................................................................................178
14.4　其他资源...............................................................................................................................179
14.5　勇往直前...............................................................................................................................180
附录 A Python 简介 ......................................................................................................................181
附录 B　互联网简介 ........................................................................................................................184
附录 C　网络数据采集的法律与道德约束 ................................................................................188
作者简介 ..............................................................................................................................................200
封面介绍 ..............................................................................................................................................200

deepsea · 发表于 2022-1-2 00:05:45

太好了，就需要这个东东，赞一个。

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Python网络数据采集

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